![]() ![]() In contrast, boys accelerate more slowly but continue to grow for about six years after the first visible pubertal changes. Girls attain reproductive maturity about four years after the first physical changes of puberty appear. Two of the most significant differences between puberty in girls and puberty in boys are the age at which it begins, and the major sex steroids involved, the androgens and the estrogens.Īlthough there is a wide range of normal ages, girls typically begin puberty around ages 10–11 and end puberty around 15–17 boys begin around ages 11–12 and end around 16–17. Hormone feedback cycles:Ĩ Pregnancy – hCG (Human chorionic gonadotropin) Differences between male and female pubertyĪpproximate outline of development periods from childhood to early adulthood. ![]() Derived from the Latin puberatum (age of maturity), the word puberty describes the physical changes to sexual maturation, not the psychosocial and cultural maturation denoted by the term adolescent development in Western culture, wherein adolescence is the period of mental transition from childhood to adulthood, which overlaps much of the body's period of puberty. Notable among the morphologic changes in size, shape, composition, and functioning of the pubertal body, is the development of secondary sex characteristics, the "filling in" of the child's body from girl to woman, from boy to man. Puberty that starts earlier than usual is known as precocious puberty, and puberty which starts later than usual is known as delayed puberty. Growth spurts began at around 10–12, but markers of later stages of puberty such as menarche had delays that correlated with severe environmental conditions such as poverty, poor nutrition, air and pollution. However, more modern archeological research suggests that the rate of puberty as it occurs now is the intended way. This can be due to any number of factors, including improved nutrition resulting in rapid body growth, increased weight and fat deposition, or exposure to endocrine disruptors such as xenoestrogens, which can at times be due to food consumption or other environmental factors. In the 21st century, the average age at which children, especially girls, reach specific markers of puberty is lower compared to the 19th century, when it was 15 for girls and 17 for boys (with age at first periods for girls and voice-breaks for boys being used as examples). For males, first ejaculation, spermarche, occurs on average at age 13. The major landmark of puberty for females is menarche, the onset of menstruation, which occurs on average between ages 12 and 13. On average, girls begin puberty at ages 10–11 and complete puberty at ages 15–17 boys generally begin puberty at ages 11–12 and complete puberty at ages 16–17. Puberty leads to sexual dimorphism through the development of the secondary sex characteristics, which further distinguish the sexes. Before puberty, the external sex organs, known as primary sexual characteristics, are sex characteristics that distinguish boys and girls. Physical growth-height and weight-accelerates in the first half of puberty and is completed when an adult body has been developed. In response to the signals, the gonads produce hormones that stimulate libido and the growth, function, and transformation of the brain, bones, muscle, blood, skin, hair, breasts, and sex organs. ![]() It is initiated by hormonal signals from the brain to the gonads: the ovaries in a girl, the testes in a boy. Puberty is the process of physical changes through which a child's body matures into an adult body capable of sexual reproduction. ![]()
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